What is a Dependency?

Definition of Dependencies in Project Management

So what is a Dependency? In project management, dependencies refer to the relationships between tasks or activities within a project that dictate the order in which they must be performed. Essentially, one task (the successor) relies on the completion of another task (the predecessor) before it can begin or proceed. Dependencies are critical in planning, scheduling, and managing projects because they influence the sequence of activities and the project’s overall timeline.

Types of Dependencies

There are four primary types of dependencies in project management:

1. Finish-to-Start (FS): The most common type, where a task cannot start until its predecessor has finished. For example, a building cannot be painted (successor) until the construction is complete (predecessor).
2. Start-to-Start (SS): Tasks that can start simultaneously, but one cannot start until the other has begun. For example, setting up a software environment (successor) cannot start until the software installation process (predecessor) has begun.
3. Finish-to-Finish (FF): Tasks that can finish simultaneously, but one cannot finish until the other has finished. For example, quality testing (successor) cannot finish until the development of the product (predecessor) is complete.
4. Start-to-Finish (SF): The least common type, where a task cannot finish until another task has started. For example, a security guard’s shift (successor) cannot finish until the next guard starts their shift (predecessor).

Examples of Dependencies

• Construction Project: Before installing windows (successor), walls must be built (predecessor).
• Software Development: Before testing a new feature (successor), the coding must be completed (predecessor).
• Event Planning: Before sending out invitations (successor), the venue must be booked (predecessor).

Importance of Visibility of Project Dependencies

Having clear visibility of project dependencies is crucial for several reasons:

1. Efficient Scheduling: Understanding dependencies helps in creating a realistic project schedule, ensuring that tasks are arranged in a logical sequence and preventing delays.
2. Resource Allocation: By knowing which tasks depend on others, project managers can allocate resources more effectively, ensuring that critical tasks have the necessary support to proceed without interruption.
3. Risk Management: Identifying dependencies allows for better risk management. Project managers can anticipate potential bottlenecks and address issues before they escalate, ensuring a smoother project flow.
4. Improved Communication: Clear visibility of dependencies enhances communication among team members. Everyone understands the order of tasks and the importance of completing their work on time to avoid delaying subsequent tasks.
5. Enhanced Project Control: With a clear view of dependencies, project managers can monitor progress more effectively, making adjustments as needed to keep the project on track.

What is a Dependency? – Conclusion

So in conclusion, what is a Dependency? Dependencies are a fundamental aspect of project management, dictating the sequence in which tasks must be performed to achieve successful project completion. By understanding and managing these dependencies, project managers can create efficient schedules, allocate resources wisely, manage risks proactively, and maintain control over the project’s progress. Using tools like Mission Control, which provides robust features for tracking and managing dependencies, can greatly enhance a project’s chances of success.